The calculation earlier mentioned assumes a uniform beam intensity profile. You need to now think about hotspots during the beam or other non-uniform depth profiles and about calculate a maximum electricity density.
β-BBO Crystal—a extensively used nonlinear crystal for frequency conversion while in the ultraviolet, visible and near-infrared
The Rayleigh assortment quantifies the gap, measured within the beam waist, about which the beam diameter is somewhere around frequent. The shorter the Rayleigh range, the much larger the speed of divergence.
On the other hand, to fully make the most of the probable of BBO crystals, it truly is essential to comprehend their Qualities and the way to handle and retail outlet them appropriately. These crystals need very careful handling to circumvent harm to their surfaces and may be stored in a dry, neat position to keep up their optical general performance.
The section-matching capabilities of BBO crystals ought to have Distinctive point out. Within the intricate dance of photons, in which conversion from one particular wavelength to a different is commonly wished-for, the phase-matching provided by BBO makes certain that Strength losses are nominal.
). This spatial concentrating constraint within the SHG approach will frequently end in the crystal size normally getting below the Rayleigh variety of the enter concentrated pulse.
Their significant harm threshold and fantastic thermal stability make them suitable for use in superior-ability laser methods, even though their broad transparency vary permits them to operate that has a broad number of laser wavelengths.
These Houses make BBO crystals extremely fascinating in numerous apps, from laser frequency conversion to electro-optic modulation. Their broad transparency variety will allow them to work by using a broad variety of laser wavelengths, while their substantial damage threshold assures they might take care of substantial-electric power laser beams without having degradation.
This house sets it besides linear optical elements that don’t change the frequency of light passing by way of them. This kind of distinguishing feature varieties the muse for the plethora of programs that BBO can serve.
The temporal wander-off with the slower pulse with respect to your a lot quicker is usually a considerable portion of the heartbeat period. This is often illustrated in Figure 22.
The two broad-bandwidth pulses and temporal wander-off trigger a reduction within the conversion performance, and worsen the optical high quality of the next harmonic pulses. The appropriate crystal thickness needs to be picked out to reduce equally outcomes.
Customized coatings might be applied to the crystal surfaces to reinforce their functionality at distinct wavelengths or to shield the crystal from environmental components. Even so, it’s essential to Be aware that any customization must be performed thoroughly in order to avoid degrading the crystal’s optical Qualities.
Thermal fluctuations are a concern in lots of experimental and industrial setups. Yet, BBO crystals�?intrinsic thermal balance makes certain that they don’t just endure more info but thrive in this kind of ailments.
Technology of deep ultraviolet radiation at 210 nm by Form-I third harmonic generation is accomplished within a pair of BBO crystals with conversion performance as large as 36%.